Establishing best practices for modeling long duration energy storage in deeply decarbonized energy systems
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Long duration energy storage (LDES) may become a critical technology for the
decarbonization of the power sector, as current commercially available Li-ion
battery storage technologies cannot cost-effectively shift energy to address
multi-day or seasonal variability in demand and renewable energy availability.
LDES is difficult to model in existing energy system planning models (such as
electricity system capacity expansion models), as it is much more dependent on
an accurate representation of chronology than other resources. Techniques exist
for modeling LDES in these planning models; however, it is not known how
spatial and temporal resolution affect the performance of these techniques,
creating a research gap. In this study we examine what spatial and temporal
resolution is necessarily to accurately capture the full value of LDES, in the
context of a continent-scale capacity expansion model. We use the results to
draw conclusions and present best practices for modelers seeking to accurately
model LDES in a macro-energy systems planning context. Our key findings are: 1)
modeling LDES with linked representative periods is crucial to capturing its
full value, 2) LDES value is highly sensitive to the cost and availability of
other resources, and 3) temporal resolution is more important than spatial
resolution for capturing the full value of LDES, although how much temporal
resolution is needed will depend on the specific model context.
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