Intraoperative Transcutaneous Electroacupoint Stimulation on Early Postoperative Fatigue in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery

Background In this clinical trial, we evaluated the effects of transcutaneous electroacupoint stimulation (TEAS) on postoperative fatigue (POF) in Parkinson disease (PD) patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. Methods A total 60 PD patients undergoing DBS surgery were enrolled. They were randomized to receive either electrical stimulation [alternative frequency 2/10 Hz, dense and disperse, intensity adjusted to the maximum tolerated by the participants (6-15 mAmp)] via surface electrodes (TEAS group) or surface electrodes only without electrical stimulation (Con group) at bilateral Zusanli and Sanyinjiao acupuncture points. All participants received their assigned intervention (TEAS or Con) during the 1st stage of surgery [(except during microelectrode recording (MER)] and the entire 2nd stage of surgery. Intraoperative anesthetic requirements were adjusted based on bispectral index (BIS) monitor. POF was assessed by Christensen fatigue scales (ChrFS), along with Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) postoperatively over a 7-day-period. We recorded the usage of rescue analgesics and anti-emetics. Results Fifty-nine patients’ datasets were included for final analyses. Fewer patients in TEAS experienced severe POF (defined as ChrFS ≥6) at T3 than those in the Con group (TEAS vs. Con: 7 vs. 22, p<0.001). During the 1st stage of surgery, more patients in Con group required dexmedetomidine infusion (TEAS vs. Con: 2 vs. 6; P<0.01). Total dosages of propofol and remifanil during the 2nd stage of surgery were TEAS vs. Con: 374.7±61.2 vs 421.5±81.9; p<0.001 and 572.3±82.0 vs. 662±148.2; P<0.001, respectively. Postoperative rescue analgesics (TEAS vs. Con: 2 vs. 6; P<0.001) were used less in the TEAS group. TEAS patients reported better POF, MMSE and QoR15 scores than those in the Con group during most of the assessment period. Conclusions Intraoperative TEAS decreased the severity of POF, reduced intraoperative anesthetic requirements and facilitated post-DBS recovery in this group of PD patients.