Associations of the obesity gene FTO variant with complications and comorbidities in patients with type 1 diabetes

Background and aims Because FTO gene is connected with the risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease and hypertension, as well as type 2 diabetes, we hypothesize that the rs9939609 FTO polymorphism may affect type 1 diabetes (T1D) complications and comorbidities. Methods We have investigated the associations of the FTO gene variant with the T1D and its complications and comorbidities, as well as the serum levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers and lipid profiles. Results The key results of our study are as follows:(1) the rs9939609 FTO polymorphism does not predispose individuals to T1D;(2) AA genotype is associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity, retinopathy, hypertension, dyslipidemia and celiac disease;(3) AT genotype is associated with a decreased risk of retinopathy and celiac disease, whereas TT genotype is connected with decreased risk of dyslipidemia;(4) the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism affects the inflammatory status as well as lipid profile in T1D patients. Conclusions Our results, for the first time, comprehensively indicate that the rs9939609 FTO polymorphism could be considered a genetic marker for increased susceptibility to T1D complications and comorbidities as well as suggests importance of FTO-mediated pathways in their etiology.