The Performance of Different Parametric Ultrasounds in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Correlation with Radical Prostatectomy Specimens

Simple Summary A systematic review assessed multiparametric ultrasound [mpUS] modalities in diagnosing prostate cancer via radical prostatectomy specimens. Between 2012 and 2023, eleven studies evaluated grayscale TRUS, SWE, CEUS, and mpUS. Sensitivity ranged from 37.7% to 55% for grayscale TRUS, 55% to 88.1% for SWE, 59% to 81% for CEUS, and 74% for mpUS, with specificities ranging accordingly. Notably, sensitivity for clinically significant prostate cancer was 55%, 73%, 70%, and 74%, respectively, with varying specificities. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 [QUADAS-2] was used to evaluate bias and applicability. The review underscores the significance of mpUS modalities in prostate cancer diagnosis, highlighting their varying sensitivity and specificity in detecting both overall and clinically significant prostate cancer lesions.Abstract Background: Prostate cancer is a prevalent cancer among men. Multiparametric ultrasound [mpUS] is a diagnostic instrument that uses various types of ultrasounds to diagnose it. This systematic review aims to evaluate the performance of different parametric ultrasounds in diagnosing prostate cancer by associating with radical prostatectomy specimens. Methodology: A review was performed on various ultrasound parameters using five databases. Systematic review tools were utilized to eliminate duplicates and identify relevant results. Reviewers used the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Results [QUADAS-2] to evaluate the bias and applicability of the study outcomes. Result: Between 2012 and 2023, eleven studies were conducted to evaluate the performance of the different ultrasound parametric procedures in detecting prostate cancer using grayscale TRUS, SWE, CEUS, and mpUS. The high sensitivity of these procedures was found at 55%, 88.6%, 81%, and 74%, respectively. The specificity of these procedures was found to be 93.4%, 97%, 88%, and 59%, respectively. This high sensitivity and specificity may be associated with the large lesion size. The studies revealed that the sensitivity of these procedures in diagnosing clinically significant prostate cancer was 55%, 73%, 70%, and 74%, respectively, while the specificity was 61%, 78.2%, 62%, and 59%, respectively. Conclusions: The mpUS procedure provides high sensitivity and specificity in PCa detection, especially for clinically significant prostate cancer.