Analyzing Recent Active and Passive Cool Roofing Technology in Buildings, Including Challenges and Optimization Approaches

The escalating ambient temperatures are exacerbating indoor temperatures in every building. Within each building, the roofing system functions as the primary heat absorber. Traditionally, roofing systems were designed to protect physical assets. Given the rising demand for indoor quality, there is a growing need for roofing systems equipped with sustainable cooling features, namely cool roofing technology. However, the technology remains relatively unfamiliar to the average household. Introducing advanced cool roofing technology can significantly enhance the thermal conditions, particularly in regions where daily exposure to intense solar radiation is common. This study delves deep into examining recently proposed cool roofing technologies, making an unprecedented connection between these technologies through a comprehensive analysis of their thermal properties and potential impact on varying climates. The study categorizes the numerous technologies into passive and active approaches and interestingly contrasts their effectiveness in tropical, temperate, and arid regions. The primary concern addressed in the study is the escalating climate challenges and the need to develop cooling technologies that can adapt to these changing conditions. To tackle this issue, the study introduces an innovative optimization plan for cool roofing technology, aiming to maximize its potential benefits. This novel optimization plan includes recommendations on factors such as insulation arrangements, condenser mediums, and roofing materials, all tailored to the specific climatic conditions of the location. In summary, this study provided three breakthrough critical evaluation criteria for an ideal cool roofing technology design: effective heat reflection, robust heat insulation, and proficient heat mitigation.