The stability of dense cores near the Serpens South protocluster
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Most stars form in clusters and groups rather than in isolation. We present
≲ 5^'' angular resolution (∼ 2000 au, or 0.01 pc)
Very Large Array NH_3 (1,1), (2,2), and (3,3) and 1.3 cm continuum emission
observations of the dense gas within the Serpens South protocluster and
extended filaments to the north and south. We identify 94 dense cores using a
dendrogram analysis of the NH_3 (1,1) integrated intensity. Gas temperatures
T_K and non-thermal linewidths σ_NT both increase towards the
centre of the young stellar cluster, in the dense gas generally and in the
cores specifically. We find that most cores (54%) are super-virial, with
gravitationally bound cores located primarily in the filaments. Cores in the
protocluster have higher virial parameters by a factor ∼ 1.7, driven
primarily by the increased core σ_NT values. These cores cannot
collapse to form stars unless they accrete additional mass or their core
internal motions are reduced. The southern filament shows a significant
velocity gradient previously interpreted as mass flow toward the cluster. We
find more complex kinematics in the northern filament. We find a strong
correlation between σ_NT and T_K, and argue that the enhanced
temperatures and non-thermal motions are due to mechanical heating and
interaction between the protocluster-driven outflows and the dense gas.
Filament-led accretion may also contribute to the increased
σ_NT values. Assuming a constant fraction of core mass ends up
in the young stars, future star formation in the Serpens South protocluster
will shift to higher masses by a factor ∼ 2.
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