Lightweight Security Authentication Scheme for Vehicle-Road Collaboration using Physical Unclonable Function.

The Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) is widely used to obtain information about vehicles and road conditions, which is transmitted in public channels. Hence, the most important requirement is the data security, which needs to keep in a strict delay. Authentication is a common method to solve it. Due to limited resources and delay sensitivity of IoVs, vehicles must complete authentication within appropriate resources cost and delay. However, existing schemes are prone to physical, forgery and collusion attacks, and moreover, they are computationally heavy. Therefore, we propose a lightweight security identity authentication scheme for vehicle-road collaboration, which utilizes lightweight Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) as the trust root of entities to resist physical and collusion attacks; Besides, most of computation is offloaded to Road Side Units (RSUs) certified by Trusted Authority (TA) through the vehicle-road collaboration architecture. In addition, we utilize challenge-response pairs (CRPs) to protect privacy and expose malicious vehicular identities in identity tracking phase. Furthermore, there are formal and informal security analyses to prove our scheme is secure. Finally, the simulation experiment shows our scheme is more secure and efficient than other schemes in real scenarios.