Applying the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System in the acquisition of the coseismic deformation and the high-frequency dynamic displacement of the 2021 M_W 7.4 Maduo earthquake

This study acquires the coseismic deformation field and the high-frequency dynamic displacement of the M-W 7.4 earthquake that occurred in Maduo, China, on 2021 May 22, based on the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), and the comparison with the results obtained by the Global Positioning System (GPS) reveals that the two systems are certain differences in their ability to acquire the coseismic deformation field. The maximum difference in the horizontal coseismic deformation is <5 mm, and the maximum difference in the vertical coseismic deformation is 8.7 mm. The dynamic displacement waveforms of the 2021 M-W 7.4 Maduo earthquake acquired by BDS and GPS are very similar, which confirms that BDS can acquire ground-shaking images with an accuracy comparable to that of GPS. Based on the empirical relationship equation of the peak ground displacement (PGD) and moment magnitude (M-W), this study verifies and calculates both the M-W of the 2021 M-W 7.4 Maduo earthquake and the error and finds that the MW can be quickly and accurately obtained by using the empirical PGD and M-W equations, and this M-W value can be used as a supplementary means of calibrating the M-W of the large earthquake early warning systems, which can be quickly determined by seismic wave data. Finally, by comparing the slip distributions inverted from the BDS and GPS coseismic deformation fields, this study finds that BDS is equally effective as GPS.