Effects of glutenin/gliadin ratio and calcium ion on the structure and gelatinity of wheat gluten protein under heat induction
FOOD BIOSCIENCE(2024)
摘要
In this study, the effects and mechanisms of different ratios of glutenin/gliadin (Glu/Gli) and calcium ions (Ca2+) on the gel properties of wheat gluten under heat induction were investigated. It was revealed that a high ratio of Glu (6:4-10:0) improved the elasticity of wheat gluten gel and reinforced the gluten network skeleton, but the gel strength was reduced. A high ratio of Gli (0:10-5:5) increased gel strength and water -holding capacity (WHC) of the wheat gluten gel, enhancing the gel properties and network structure. The gluten strength, WHC and gel strength responses revealed that a Glu/Gli ratio of 4:6 resulted in the best gel properties of wheat gluten and the strongest water binding ability. Incorporation of 0.004 g/mL Ca2+ significantly promoted the crosslinking between Glu and Glu-Gli, enhanced the binding ability of Gli with water, and strengthened the gel network structure and reaching its peak effect. Intermolecular forces and secondary structure analysis revealed that Ca2+ increased the disulfide bonds in Glu, hydrogen bonds in Gli, and beta-sheet content. This indicated that an appropriate amount of Ca2+ formed a Ca2+-gluten protein barrier network through electrostatic shielding, which improved the continuity and compactness of the wheat gluten gel network. Excessive Ca2+ retarded wheat protein cross -linking and hydration capacity, leading to decrease in gel properties. Therefore, by adjusting the Glu/Gli ratio and adding an appropriate amount of Ca2+, the structure and gel properties of wheat gluten can be better controlled, thereby improving the quality of wheat -based products.
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关键词
Glutenin,Gliadin,Calcium ion,Wheat gluten gel,Gel properties
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