Spin-Selective Trifunctional Metasurfaces for Deforming Versatile Nondiffractive Beams along the Optical Trajectory

Exploring and taming the diffraction phenomena and divergence of light are foundational to enhancing comprehension of nature and developing photonic technologies. Despite the numerous types of nondiffraction beam generation technologies, the 3D deformation and intricate wavefront shaping of structures during propagation have yet to be studied through the lens of nanophotonic devices. Herein, the dynamic conversion of a circular Airy beam (CAB) to a Bessel beam with a single-layer spin-selective metasurface is demonstrated. This spatial transformation arises from the interplay of 1D local and 2D global phases, facilitating the 3D control of non-diffractive light fields. An additional overall phase gradient and orbital angular momentum are introduced, which effectively altering the propagation direction and transverse fields of complex amplitude beams along the optical path. The manifested samples exhibit superior defect resistance, laying a crucial application in micro/nanolithography technologies. This approach expands the in-plane spin-selective mechanism and leverages the out-of-plane propagation dimension, allowing for integrated high-resolution imaging, on-chip optical micromanipulation, and micro/nanofabrication within a versatile nanophotonic platform. In this work, spatial manipulation of the light field in multifunctional metaphotonics has enabled the dynamic deformation of circular Airy beams into Bessel beams via local and global phase mechanism, which facilitates 3D structural transformations of light, showing significant resilience to fabrication defects and marking a breakthrough in non-diffractive beam in nanoscale. image