Investigation of the role of Irisin and FABP4 in iron deficiency anemia

Abstract Purpose Anemia is defined as a condition in which the level of Hemoglobin is lower than the expected level based on age and gender.Irisin (Ir) was discovered in 2012 to be a muscle-associated factor.Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are chaperones involved in intracellular fatty acid transport.Iron deficiency(ID) causes various symptoms, but their etiology may not be fully understood.The study's objective is to explore whether Ir and FABP4 levels might be linked to symptoms such as feeling cold, fatigue, learning difficulties, and others in individuals with ID. Methods The study was conducted by the Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology Faculty of Medicine,Fırat University.Our study evaluated ID in three distinct periods,including iron storage depletion,latent iron deficiency without anemia,and iron deficiency anemia.We analyzed the effects of these three periods, along with a control group, on serum and urine Ir, as well as FABP4 levels, both before and after iron treatment. Results The mean serum Ir levels in our study revealed statistically significant differences between the patient groups and the control group, with lower levels observed in the patient groups before treatment(p < 0.05).After treatment, a statistically significant increase(p < 0.05) was found in the mean serum Ir levels in all patient groups.In our study, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in serum FABP4 levels (p > 0.05). Conclusion In our study,we found that the feeling of coldness and decreased cognitive functions seen in iron deficiency may be related to serum Ir level.Today, IDA is an important public health problem and affects many systems.