Intrinsic magnetism and practical potential of 2:14:1-type magnet with rare earth supplied only by misch-metal

2:14:1-type rare earth (R) permanent magnet R2Fe14B, as a functional material, plays an indispensable role in transportation, machinery, energy and other fields. Under the pressure of resources, cost and environment, special attention has been devoted to magnets replaced by high-abundance rare earth. But until now, 2:14:1 phase containing only misch-metal (MM) is not considered suitable for practical production. In this work, from the perspective of intrinsic properties, it is confirmed for the first time that MM2Fe14B with MM (La, Ce and other high-abundance rare earth content as high as 80%) has the potential to become a permanent material. The saturation magnetization Ms at 300K is 27.36 μB/f.u, and the anisotropy parameters are μ0Ha = 4.2T, K1 = 1.39 MJ/m3 and K2 = 0.42 MJ/m3. We noted that the temperature dependence of Ms, K1 and K2 are very similar to Nd2Fe14B. Curie temperature TC and spin reorientation temperature Tsr of MM2Fe14B are 488K and 74K. When the temperature is lower than Tsr, the anisotropy changes from easy-uniaxial to easy cone. The spin reorientation angle θs is about 18° at 4.2K, less than Nd2Fe14B. Small θs means that strong uniaxial anisotropy can be maintained, which is important to achieve high-performance. Micromagnetic simulation was also introduced to confirm the effect of θs and grain boundary on MM-Fe-B performance. The intrinsic magnetism not only provides strong evidence for the practicability of MM-Fe-B, but also of great significance for further study on the mechanism of rare earth magnets with high-performance and high-abundance.