A Comprehensive Teaching Laboratory Program on Titration Analysis: Transition from Classic to Modern Approaches

This paper outlines a comprehensive teaching laboratory course program that centers on titration analysis, a timeless and essential technique in analytical chemistry spanning various disciplines, such as environmental science, medicine, and industry. In these fields, titration analysis is paramount for determining the concentrations of substances and evaluating their purity. The uniqueness of this course program resides in its methodical exhibition of the titration process in its entirety. This encompasses everything from manual stopcocks in glass burets to modern, precise metering pumps in automated titrators and from human-reliant indicator color changes to advanced potential indicating systems. Furthermore, the program spans conventional chemical reagents as titrants to electrogenerated titrants, providing an all-encompassing educational experience. The course design follows a structured, step-by-step pedagogy, progressing from fundamental monoprotic acid-base titration to complex polyprotic acid-base titration and from acidity-modulated redox titration to titrations involving both redox and precipitation reactions. This scaffolded approach ensures a gradual yet comprehensive understanding of titration analysis. By investing in this 8 h course program, students can anticipate achieving a profound comprehension and proficiency in the foundational principles and operational techniques of titration analysis. Moreover, they will cultivate a deep appreciation for the connotations of "titrating" and "determining" in the realm of analytical chemistry.