Synergistic development of nonvascular species microalgae for bio-hydrogen production featured with nano titanium dioxide additive

With technological growth, renewable biofuel energy sources, extracted from organic materials and microalgae feedstock's rich energy substance, have the potential for future energy applications. Moreover, syngas production is limited due to microalgae processing. The prime aim of this research is to enhance the bio-hydrogen extraction by the source of sewage sludge and harvesting of microalgae from non-vascular species (Bryothyta) water with the integration of 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 2vol% of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano additive. Influences of TiO2 concentration on synergistic specific microalgae growth are monitored concerning day and observed that the higher content (2vol%) of TiO2 own 0.87 microns/day, which involves hydrothermal gasification process configured with potassium hydroxide catalyst operating with 400, 500, 600, and 700 ⁰C gasification temperature under 60min time gap. Gasification temperature influencing molar fraction, bio-methane & and hydrogen yield, low heating value, hydrogen selectivity, and gasification efficiency is experimentally studied. With the importance KOH adopted hydrothermal gasifier functioned with higher gasification temperature of 700⁰C operated by 60min offered higher molar fractions of 62% in hydrogen & 17% in bio-methane, superior bio-methane & hydrogen yield of 9.1& 23mol/kg, reduced low heating value of 9.3 MJ/Nm3, higher hydrogen selectivity of 18.5, and superior gasification efficiency of 66%.