The effect of photobiomodulation therapy in common maxillofacial injuries: Current status

The use of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) may be used for treating trauma to the maxillofacial region. The effects of PBMT on maxillofacial injuries were discussed in this review article. The electronic databases Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science were thoroughly searched. This review included in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies describing how PBMT can be used in maxillofacial tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Some studies suggest that PBMT may offer a promising therapy for traumatic maxillofacial injuries because it can stimulate the differentiation and proliferation of various cells, including dental pulp cells and mesenchymal stem cells, enhancing bone regeneration and osseointegration. PBMT reduces pain and swelling after oral surgery and tooth extraction in human and animal models of maxillofacial injuries. Patients with temporomandibular disorders also benefit from PBMT in terms of reduced inflammation and symptoms. PBMT still has some limitations, such as the need for standardizing parameters. PBMT must also be evaluated further in randomized controlled trials in various maxillofacial injuries. As a result, PBMT offers a safe and noninvasive treatment option for patients suffering from traumatic maxillofacial injuries. PBMT still requires further research to establish its efficacy in clinical practice and determine the optimal parameters. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) emerges as a promising avenue for addressing traumatic maxillofacial injuries. This comprehensive review illuminates the current landscape of PBMT applications, revealing its potential to stimulate cellular differentiation and proliferation crucial for tissue regeneration. From dental pulp cells to mesenchymal stem cells, PBMT showcases notable effects, fostering bone regeneration and reducing pain and swelling postsurgery. The therapy benefits temporomandibular disorders, demonstrating reduced inflammation and symptoms. Despite its evident advantages, challenges persist, necessitating further standardization and rigorous evaluation through randomized controlled trials. Nevertheless, PBMT stands out as a safe, noninvasive therapeutic option, poised to revolutionize traumatic maxillofacial injury treatment pending continued research and parameter optimization.