Device-independent certification of quantum gates under the dimension assumption

Certification of quantum computing components can be crucial for quantum hardware improvements and the calibration of quantum algorithms. In this work, we propose an efficient method for certifying single-qubit quantum computation in a black-box scenario under the dimension assumption. The method is based on testing deterministic outcomes of quantum computation for predetermined gate sequences. Quantum gates are certified based on input-output correlations, with no auxiliary systems required. We prove that the sample complexity grows as O(ε^-1) with respect to the average gate infidelity ε for the certification of a single-qubit phase shift gate. Furthermore, we show that the proposed method can be used to certify a gate set universal for single-qubit quantum computation. Our approach takes a first step in bridging the gap between strong notions of certification from self-testing and practically highly relevant approaches from quantum system characterization.