Size Design of the Storage Tank in Liquid Hydrogen Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Considering the Coupling of Energy and Matter.

The liquid hydrogen superconducting magnetic energy storage (LIQHYSMES) is an emerging hybrid energy storage device for improving the power quality in the new-type power system with a high proportion of renewable energy. It combines the superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) for the short-term buffering and the use of liquid hydrogen as both the bulk energy carrier and coolant. The storage tank is the core component of LIQHYSMES where the energy and matter are coupled. Therefore, this paper proposes the size design model for the storage tank in order to minimize the whole costs of LIQHYSMES. The thermal interactions between the SMES and hydrogen of both charging and discharging states are explicitly analyzed through the proposed model. Particularly, the phase transition of hydrogen in the storage tank, the charging state and thermal effect of SMES and the control strategy of electricity-hydrogen devices are modelled. Finally, case studies verified the effectiveness of the proposed model and the parameters of the storage tank are given.