Convolution synchronous smoothing for tool position and posture of continuous line-segment path in 5-axis machining

Continuous line -segments path are widely used in 5 -axis CNC machining. However, the G1 discontinuity of linesegments at the transitions will cause abrupt changes in velocity, resulting in vibrations and impacts during the machining process. Therefore, it is important to smooth the continuous line -segments in 5 -axis machining. Traditional smoothing methods face the difficulties in smoothing synchronization of tool pose, smooth error control and stability of smooth result. To break these bottlenecks, a smoothing method of continuous linesegments path in 5 -axis machining based on convolution of tool pose is proposed. This smoothing method takes machining path as the smoothing target rather than velocity. Firstly, a dynamic smoothing window is generated on the initial path, and the 5 -axis machining path is synchronous decoupled into two-dimensional representation. Based on path convolution smoothing, tool pose optimization is achieved, enhancing the G1 discontinuous path to G2 continuous path, and a smooth error prediction and direct control model is constructed. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively improves the geometric continuity and machining efficiency of the machining path, exhibits good smooth stability at different feed rates, and enhances the quality of 5 -axis CNC machining.