Impact of deformation on the structural and electronic properties of MWCNT-PDMS based triboelectric nanogenerator

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT)-Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanocomposite serves as an excellent tribonegative layer in Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENG). To enhance TENGs performance, it is essential to understand the charge distribution at atomic level due to deformations. Herein, a density functional theory approach has been utilised to explore the effect of deformations induced by contact force on structural and electronic properties of MWCNT-PDMS. The band structure, molecular energy spectrum, density of states, molecular orbital behaviour and excess charge generation has been evaluated under deformations (0 Å, 0.5 Å, 1 Å, 1.5 Å and 2 Å). The MWCNT-PDMS TENG is fabricated and compressive testing (0.5–2.5 N) is performed. Experimentally, the effect of force is analysed by integrating TENG under the foot of individuals with varying body weights (60–100 kg). The outcomes depict an increase in the maximum peak-to-peak open circuit voltage ( V mpp ) with increase in contact force that has been synergistically endorsed by decrease in band gap with increase in deformation. Further, the fabricated TENG is utilised for powering a wrist watch. This breakthrough paves the way for the advancement of highly efficient TENG technologies, fostering innovation in the field of wearable and implantable devices.