Influence of In 2 O 3 on Optical, EPR, and Structural Properties of Barium Borate Glasses Containing Cu 2+ Spin Probe

To evaluate the effect of In 2 O 3 on (30-x) BaO-69B 2 O 3 -xIn 2 O 3 -1CuO ( x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mol%) glasses are described for their spectroscopic properties as well as physical and optical qualities. Bragg’s peak-free X-ray diffractograms confirmed the samples’ non-crystalline character. The increase of In 2 O 3 mole percent in the glasses has caused non-linear fluctuations in the physical parameters such as density and molar volume. Urbach energy measurements and optical band gaps have shown modest inflections with In 2 O 3 composition. The 2 B 1g → 2 B 2g transition is responsible for the broad distinctive absorption band seen in optical absorption spectra caused by the Cu 2+ spin probe. The spin-Hamiltonian parameters’ non-linear variation with indium oxide content suggests that the ligand field strength surrounding Cu 2+ ions in glass samples has changed. Bonding parameter values are determined using EPR and optical absorption spectrum data, and it is discovered that they are ionic in nature. According to FTIR tests, when the amount of indium oxide in the glass grew, a small percentage of BO 3 units were converted into BO 4 units. Indium oxide in these glasses appears to generate notable modifications in the electrical conduction, transparency, and semiconducting behavior, according to the behavior of their optical, physical, and spectroscopic qualities.