Development of Nanosecond Spike Pulse Power Supply for Electrochemical Micromachining

Abstract The use of pulse voltage can greatly improve the precision of electrochemical microfabrication, and the narrower the pulse width of the applied pulse voltage signal, the higher the machining precision. However, the commonly used chopper circuit topology of pulse power supplies is limited by the maximum switching frequency of the field-effect transistor. To address this problem, this paper proposes a nanosecond pulse electrochemical micromachining power supply based on a differential circuit. The power supply uses the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller as the control core to output high-performance rectangular waves through a DDS device. After differential, rectification, filtering, and power amplification processing, stable, frequency, amplitude, and pulse width adjustable spike pulse voltage signals are obtained. By establishing a system mathematical model and optimizing the time constant of the differential circuit, theoretically, the sub-nanosecond pulse width can be obtained. Prototype performance tests show that the power supply has a maximum frequency of 20MHz, a minimum pulse width of 1.8ns, and a maximum peak voltage of 10V. By using this power supply for microhole electrochemical machining experiments, nanometer-level machining precision has been achieved. Compared with the power supply reported in the literature, the designed spike pulse power supply has a narrower pulse width and better waveform performance, thereby improving the precision and localization of electrochemical micromachining.