Constant-Parameter Voltage-Behind-Reactance Synchronous Machine Models Considering Main Flux Saturation for EMTP-Type Programs

The state-of-the-art saturable phase-domain (PD) and voltage-behind-reactance (VBR) synchronous machine models have been recently considered in the literature as reliable and accurate alternatives to the traditional qd0 models. However, due to the rotor-position- and saturation-dependent interfacing circuit, implementing these models in electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulators has been challenging due to the need to refactorize the machine-network conductance matrix at each time step during simulation. This article presents two new VBR-based synchronous machine models with main flux saturation that yield constant interfacing conductance matrix in EMTP-type solution. Case studies in PSCAD/EMTDC verify that the proposed models demonstrate numerical accuracy similar to the state-of-the-art models, while achieving significant computational gains in multimachine systems.