The involvement of Chloride Intracellular Channel expression and binding interaction to Emamectin benzoatein Plutella xylostellaxylostella.

Abstract Plutella xylostella strains from Tsaotun and Nantaou (TT) are more than 400-fold resistant to emamectin benzoate. Previous research found no mutations in the target sites GABA receptors and glutamate receptors. As a result, next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed, which revealed that the expression of Chloride Intracellular Channel (CLIC) in emamectin benzoate selected Tsaotun (TTSel) strain was significantly higher than that in emamectin benzoate relax Tsaotun (TTRx) strain. The quantitation-comparative cycle threshold (CT) was investigated in this study. TTSel and TTRx larvae from the 45th generation were used as samples in a qPCR machine. The results revealed that the expression of the CLIC gene increased in the TTSel strain when compared to the TTRx strain. Female larvae have higher CLIC gene expression than male larvae, particularly the CLIC X1 gene. It is possible that it is the source of lepidopteran resistance to emamectin benzoate. CLIC X1 and CLIC X2 genes were found to be conserved in some lepidopterans, according to phylogenetic tree analysis. There are indications of the presence of nuclear localization signals (NLS) conserved only in CLIC X1, which is important in emmamectin benzoate resistance.