Endosymbiosis change under the stress of omethoate and four plant allelochemicals in cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Abstract Aphids feed on plant phloem-sap and are currently model taxa for studying insect-microbe interactions as they host several beneficial bacterial endosymbionts. In this study, the second generation of high-throughput sequencing was employed to identify the microbiome of cotton aphids, Aphis gossypii Glover. We found that the communities of endosymbiotic microorganisms could affected by the treatments of omethoate or plant allelochemicals. The low-dose and high-dose of omethoate could decreased the bacteria abundance in the cotton aphid. The tannic acid and quercetin slightly reduced the diversity of the community while 2-tridenone and gossypol significantly enhanced the abundance of the communities. Especially, the abundance of both Buchnera and Serratia obviously increased in the cotton aphid after exposure to gossypol. This is the first insight of endosymbiont variation under the induction of omethoate and plant allelochemicals. These results should be useful to understand the adaptation of the cotton aphid to xenobiotics.