Experimental Study on Sand Production Mechanism of Underground Gas Storage in Depleted Reservoir

Abstract The storage of gas in underground reservoirs is critical for meeting seasonal demands, as well as for emergency situations and strategic reserves. However, the prolonged period and high flow of gas storage can lead to sand production, which can cause complications. To address this issue, a physical simulation experiment was conducted to study sand production during injection and production in underground gas storage, with varying formation pressure and water content. The results of the study indicate that lower formation pressure results in more severe sand production, and increased water content intensifies sand production. However, the displacement of sand from rock pores can improve reservoir physical properties. These findings provide valuable guidance for selecting appropriate production pressure differences during gas storage operation, based on formation pressure and water content, to ensure the rational production of gas in depleted-reservoir underground gas storage.