Advantages of Microalgae for Domestic Wastewater Treatment - a Comparative Life Cycle Assessment

Rafael de Freitas Moura,Bettina Susanne Hoffmann,Yordanka Reyes Cruz, Bernardo Costa Mundim

Research Square (Research Square)(2023)

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摘要
Abstract According to the National Plan for Basic Sanitation, adequate sewage care involves a system with the collection and treatment of sewage and, in some cases, as an alternative solution the use of a septic tank. In Brazil, about 55% of the population is attended by sewage collection, and only 50.8% of wastewater is treated. The technologies applied in low- and middle-income countries generally focus on the removal of organic carbon without specific attention to the retention of phosphorus and nitrogen. This study aims to study the environmental impacts of conventional domestic effluent treatment and treatment with microalgae from a life cycle perspective and discuss the main advantages and disadvantages. That is a preliminary study whose modelling is based on primary data and data extracted from the Ecoinvent database. The impact categories considered include Climate Change and Eutrophication, using characterization factors proposed in the Recipe 2016 Midpoint (H) and CML 2002 methods. The microalgae technology showed better results when compared with the technologies of Activated Sludge and UASB Reactor + Activated Sludge in the impact category Eutrophication. For the impact category Global Warming the technology shows only the fourth best performance among the five technologies evaluated.
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关键词
domestic wastewater treatment,wastewater treatment,microalgae,life cycle assessment
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