Blood pressure profile in patients with chronic kidney disease

Objective: High blood pressure (HBP) is often associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It can be a cause or a complication of the latter. The aim of this work was studying the clinical characteristics and the therapeutic modalities prescribed in our hypertensive patients monitored in nephrology consultation. Design and method: It was a retrospective descriptive study conducted at the nephrology consultation from January 2020 to January 2022. The stage of chronic kidney disease was defined according to the KDIGO classification. A therapeutic target achieved was defined by a Systolic Blood pressure<140 mmHg and a Disyslotic Blood Pressure<90 mmHg. Results: Our population included 53 hypertensive patients who were followed for chronic kidney disease. The mean age was 70.16 [46-90] with a M/F sex ratio of 1.3. The stage of chronic kidney disease was 1,2,3,4 and 5 in 2 patients (3.77%), 7 patients, (13.2%), 25 patients (47.16%), 8 patients (15.09%) and 11 patients (20.75%) respectively. Hypertension was classified as grade 1, 2 and 3 in 18 (33.16%), 6 (11.32%) and 3(5.6%) patients respectively. The mean systolic blood pressure in our patients was 137.55+/-21.54 mmHg and the mean diastolic was 78.62+/-11.37mmHg. Left ventricular hypertrophy on ultrasound was found in 4 patients (7.54%). Blood pressure was balanced in 42 (79.4%) patients, of whom 29 were on a calcium channel blocker alone or in dual therapy, 27 patients were on a combination containing a blocker of the rennin angiotensin aldosterone system, 17 patients were on beta blocker,14 patients were on dual therapy containing a loop diuretic and 13 patients were on a central antihypertensive. The therapeutic target was not reached in 11 patients, among whom there was a dietary deviation in 4 patients, nonadherence to treatment in 6 patients and sleep apnea in 1 patient. Five patients were in stage 4 and 5 of chronic kidney disease. Conclusions: Blood pressure control is an important part of the follow-up of hypertensive patients in nephrology. Hypertension can increase the morbidity and mortality of the chronic kidney disease.