Designing of Pd₁/TiO_2-x Nanosheets for the Electrocatalyzed Reduction of CO₂

Abstract The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide into valuable products has attracted increasing attention to meet the demand for sustainable fuel, as well as achieving the carbon neutralization strategy. Pd is art of the state CO 2 RR catalyst but prone to be poisoned by the primary product CO. For the modulating the electronic state of Pd sites and therefore affinity for CO, we herein synthesized TiO 2-x nanosheets to support Pd atoms. The oxygen vacancies were introduced into the titanium oxide by calcination to increase the electric conductivity of the titanium oxide, and more importantly, as a means of modifying the energy diagram of Pd. The morphology of the as-synthesized Pd 1 /TiO 2-x was observed on high-resolution transmission electron microscope and Cs-corrected high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF)-scanning transmission electron microscope. The structure of the atomically dispersed palladium was also characterized by FTIR spectra of chemisorbed CO. The impedance of the Pd 1 /TiO 2-x was determined to prove the improvement of its electric conductivity. The Faradaic efficiency for liquid products, mainly HCOOH/CH 3 OH of the electrochemical reduction of CO 2 using this catalyst is 14.74%.