Yielding behaviour of active particles in bulk and in confinement
arxiv(2023)
摘要
The investigation of collective behaviour in dense assemblies of
self-propelled active particles has been motivated by a wide range of
biological phenomena. Of particular interest are dynamical transitions of
cellular and sub-cellular biological assemblies, including the cytoskeleton and
the cell nucleus. Motivated by observations of mechanically induced changes in
the dynamics of such systems, and the apparent role of confinement geometry, we
study the transition between jammed and fluidized states of active particles
assemblies, as a function of the strength and temporal persistence of active
forces, and in different confinement geometries. Our results show that the
fluidization transition broadly resembles yielding in amorphous solids,
consistently with recent suggestions. More specifically, however, we find that
a detailed analogy holds with the yielding transition under cyclic shear
deformation, for finite persistence times. The fluidization transition is
accompanied by driving induced annealing, strong dependence on the initial
state of the system, a divergence of time scales to reach steady states, and a
discontinuous onset of diffusive motion. We also observe a striking dependence
of the transition on persistence times and on the nature of the confinement.
Collectively, our results have implications in epigenetic cell state
transitions induced by alterations in confinement geometry.
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