Erythrovirus B19 (B19V) in patients with acute febrile illness suspected of arboviruses in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Human Erythrovirus (parvovirus) B19 infection can produce symptoms similar to those produced by Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika viruses, making clinical diagnosis difficult. The importance of erythrovirus B19 in relation to human pathology has been increasing and reported in numerous works published globally. The B19V infection was investigated by real-time PCR in samples from patients with signs and symptoms related to classic arboviral symptoms. This study was conducted to provide information on the genetic diversity of Human Erythrovirus B19 (B19V) circulating in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Midwest region of Brazil, during 2017 to 2022. A total of 773 sera from patients with negative diagnostic results for Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika, during the study period were analyzed. Erythrovirus DNA was found in 10.6% (82/773) of patients, among them 10 were pregnant women. Four samples were completely sequenced, and other five partially, to genotype by phylogenetic reconstruction. All samples belong to worldwide dispersed genotype 1, subgenotype 1a. These results demonstrate the importance of including B19V in differential laboratory diagnosis, not only for epidemiological purposes but also for appropriate patient management. The diagnosis for B19V should be performed, particularly among pregnant women, immunocompromised patients, and individuals with hemolytic diseases, as in these cases the infection is more severe. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Funding Statement This study was supported by the FUNDECT/DECIT-MS/CNPq/SES 03/2016 - PPSUS-MS and the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fiocruz Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: This study was conducted in accordance with the authorization of the Human Research Ethical Committee of the Don Bosco Catholic University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil (CAAE:54019821.2.0000.5162). I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable. Yes All data produced in the present work are contained in the manuscript