Evaluation of a nurse-led multi-component transition program for adolescents with congenital heart disease

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the transition program for adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) 'Transition With a Heart' (TWAH) on disease-related knowledge, quality of life (QoL), transition experiences, and gaps in follow-up.Methods: A study with pre-posttest and control group (post-test) using consecutive sampling, including adolescents with moderate to severely complex CHD, without intellectual disability, aged >= 12 y, and parents. After weighting, t-tests were performed. A multivariable regression analysis explored the outcomes' determinants.Results: In the intervention group, 28 adolescents and 25 parents were included, and 53 adolescents and 18 parents as controls. Adolescents' knowledge significantly increased after completing TWAH (from 59.8% to 75.7%;p < 0.01). Their knowledge was positively correlated with TWAH (beta = +13.3;p < 0.01). Adolescents' transition experiences were also positively related to TWAH (general experience: beta = +5.5;p < 0.01; transfer satisfaction: beta = +0.8; p < 0.01). Adolescents' QoL was mainly determined by CHD complexity and not by TWAH. No one showed gaps in follow-up. TWAH was not associated with parents' transition experiences.Conclusion: Implementing TWAH substantially improved adolescents' disease-related knowledge and transition experiences.Practice implications: The results regarding transition experiences need to be confirmed by further research. The TWAH design with the person-tailored educational program, skills training, and the transition coordinator can be used in settings with other chronic diseases.