Parental absence and student academic performance in cross-national perspective: Heterogeneous forms of family separation and the buffering possibilities of grandparents
International Journal of Educational Development(2023)
摘要
Many children around the world reside separately from one parent or both parents. Analyzing cross-national student performance and survey data, we investigate whether forms of family separation show distinctive associations with academic performance. Three findings emerge: 1) Students separated from both parents are most academically disadvantaged, while those living separately from mothers are usually more disadvantaged than those living without fathers. 2) In households with co-resident grandparents and in national contexts conducive to multi-generational or extended family co-residence, disadvantages associated with father-absent and dual-parent-absent households attenuate. 3) Academic disadvantages associated with parental absence attenuate as national emigration exceeds immigration.
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关键词
Parental absence,Multi-generation households,Grandparents co-residence,Achievement gap,Family structure,Cross-national analysis,Migration
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