Effects of a calorie-restricted dietary intervention on weight loss and gut microbiota diversity in obese patients with sleep deprivation

This study aimed to investigate the effects of a calorie-restricted dietary (CRD) intervention on weight and gut microbiota diversity in obese patients with sleep deprivation (SD). Twenty obese patients were divided into a sleep deprivation group (SD group, n = 10) and a nonsleep deprivation group (NSD group, n = 10), both of which underwent a CRD intervention for 12 weeks. Measurement of anthropometric parameters, biochemical examinations and gut microbiota detection were performed at baseline and at the end of week 12. Mi Smart Bands 1 (Standard Option) were used to monitor sleep and exercise. (1) The CRD intervention improved body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), basal metabolic rate (BMR), body fat content (BFC), and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in all obese patients. (2) In the NSD group, BW, BFC, VFA (visceral fat area), BMR and total cholesterol (TC) were significantly reduced after the CRD intervention (P < 0.05). (3) The alpha diversity of the gut microbiota remained unchanged after the intervention in the two groups. (4) There was a negative correlation between Mollicutes and BMR in the NSD group. The effects of a CRD intervention weaken on weight loss and the metabolism of blood lipids may be weakened by SD. The abundance of Mollicutes bacteria may be related to weight loss after a CRD intervention in obese patients. III, prospective cohort study.