Improvement trend for individual health guidance intervention according to Japan clinical guidelines by public health nurses for type 2 diabetes mellitus who visited for medical checkups regularly: a case-control preliminary report

We conducted a retrospective case-control study to assess the efficacy of personalized health guidance interventions provided by public health nurses on individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity who sought medical checkups. A selection was made of individuals who had made regular visits (two or more times) to the Takagi Hospital for medical checkups between January 1, 2017, and October 31, 2021. Two hundred eight subjects (cases) who received health guidance intervention were divided into two groups: one group without pharmacotherapy for diabetes mellitus in medical institutions (n = 92) and another group with pharmacotherapy (n = 116). Cases were provided with individual health guidance interventions by public health nurses for a duration of 30 minutes, in accordance with the Japanese clinical guidelines for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases. Sex-and age matched controls were chosen from individuals with diabetes mellitus who did not receive any health guidance. The health guidance intervention for cases without pharmacotherapy resulted in improvements in various health indicators, including body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, serum triglyceride levels, and yglutamyl trans-peptidase. Conversely, these positive effects were not observed in the control group who did not receive any health guidance. The therapeutic effects of health guidance were observed in cases where pharmacotherapy was administered. In conclusion, the implementation of individual health guidance interventions may prove to be effective for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity who regularly attend medical checkups.