Facial Synthesis, Stability, and Interaction of Ti3C2T x @PC Composites for High-Performance Biocathode Microbial Electrosynthesis Systems

Developing high-performancebiocathodes remain one of the mostchallenging aspects of the microbial electrosynthesis (MES) systemand the primary factor limiting its output. Herein, a hollow porouscarbon (PC) fabricated with MXenes coated over an electrode was developedfor MES systems to facilitate the direct delivery of CO2 to microorganisms colonized. The result highlighted that MXene@PC(Ti3C2T x @PC) hasa surface area of 434 m(2)/g. The Ti3C2T x @PC MES cycle shows that in cycle 4and cycle 5, the values are -309.2 and -352.3. Cyclicvoltammetry showed that the coated electrode current response (mA)increased from -4.5 to -20.2. The substantial redoxpeaks of Ti3C2T x @PC biofilms are displayed at -741, -516, and -427mV vs Ag/AgCl, suggesting an enhanced electron transfer owing to theTi(3)C(2)T( x )@PC complexcoating. Additionally, more active sites enhanced mass transfer andmicrobial development, resulting in a 46% rise in butyrate comparedto the uncoated control. These findings demonstrate the value of PCmodification as a method for MES-based product selection.