Deciphering the neuroprotective effect of ascorbic acid mediated synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles against Parkinson’s disease: an in vitro and in vivo approach

One of the most prevalent neurological movement diseases affecting the geriatric population globally is Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recent studies have highlighted the potency of biomolecules in the generation of nanomaterials and also over their impact on neuroprotection. The objective of this research was to investigate the potential of iron oxide nanoparticles produced using ascorbic acid (AA-IONPs) against PD. Numerous analytical methods including UV–Vis analysis, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and electron microscopy (SEM, TEM), were used to analyze the produced AA-IONPs. Nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, and inflammatory cytokines analyses such as IL-6 and IL-1 were employed to assess the neuroprotective effect of synthesized AA-IONPs on inflammatory agent lipopolysaccharides driven murine microglial BV2 cells. And also Parkinson-induced C57BL/6 mice were given the nanoparticle treatment to confirm the in vivo effects of the produced nanoparticles. Our characterization findings had demonstrated that AA-IONPs have a significant role in acting as an ideal nano drug and may have the ability to reduce inflammation in in vitro murine microglial BV2. The outcomes of in vivo tests conclusively show that AA-IONPs had reduced neuroinflammation and enhanced motor coordination in Parkinson’s disease-induced rats. Graphical abstract Ascorbic acid mediated synthesis of iron nanoparticles and its neuroprotective activity against MPTP induced mice model. Iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized using through ascorbic as reducer cum stabilizing agent, then it is characterized with UV-Vis spec, FTIR, XRD, SEM and TEM. The synthesized AA-IONPs are highly crystalline as well biologically more effective. MPTP was used to induce the neural inflammation and then the AA-IONPS treatment carried out. The Experiment outcome shows the AA-IONPs very active on damaged neuron further tend to recovery the axonal potential and neuroplasmic integration on treated neural cells. Over all the study augment that AA-IONPs could efficiently protect the neural damage via preventing pro-inflammatory signal inhibition and to could use for further neuroprotective drug development