Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors delta content is increased and associated with altered serum lipid profile with resistance exercise training

Objectives. - While resistance exercise increases plasma free fatty acids and mobilizes kinases activity, the direct effect of resistance exercise on skeletal muscle peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors delta (PPAR delta) remained unclear. The present study investigated the acute and training effects of resistance exercise on PPAR delta protein content and its association with serum lipid profile. Equipment and methods. - Seventeen young males (n = 8) and females (n = 9) performed a 10-week progressive resistance exercise-training regimen. Body composition was measured before, at the midpoint, and after the training. Vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained 24 hours before and after the first exercise and 24 hours after the last exercise to assess PPAR delta content. Blood samples were collected immediately before and after, and 24 hours after the first and the last exercises. Results. - PPAR delta content acutely increased 49.1 +/- 28.7% after exercise when adjusted for body fat percentage, and the increase was inversely proportional to body fat percentage (R = -0.877). The acute change in PPAR delta was associated with the initial lean mass (R = 0.789) before training. After training, PPAR delta content increased 114.7 +/- 31.9% and was inversely associated with resting serum total cholesterol (TC) (R = -0.731) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (R =-0.746). Ten-week Lean mass gain was associated with greater changes in resting serum TC (R = 0.592), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (R = 0.616), and LDL (R = 0.587). Conclusion. - The associations among altered serum lipid profile, lean mass gain, and the increased PPAR delta protein content induced by resistance exercise suggest that resistance exercise may alter lipid metabolism and play a role in lean mass gain through PPAR delta. (c) 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.