Discrepancy-aware Meta-learning for Zero-shot Face Manipulation Detection.

In this paper, we propose a discrepancy-aware meta-learning approach for zero-shot face manipulation detection, which aims to learn a discriminative model maximizing the generalization to unseen face manipulation attacks with the guidance of the discrepancy map. Unlike existing face manipulation detection methods that usually present algorithmic solutions to the known face manipulation attacks, where the same types of attacks are used to train and test the models, we define the detection of face manipulation as a zero-shot problem. We formulate the learning of the model as a meta-learning process and generate zero-shot face manipulation tasks for the model to learn the meta-knowledge shared by diversified attacks. We utilize the discrepancy map to keep the model focused on generalized optimization directions during the meta-learning process. We further incorporate a center loss to better guide the model to explore more effective meta-knowledge. Experimental results on the widely used face manipulation datasets demonstrate that our proposed approach achieves very competitive performance under the zero-shot setting.