Editorial: Reactive oxygen species in chloroplasts and chloroplast antioxidants under abiotic stress.

This is a provisional file, not the final typeset article photochemical quenching (NPQ), increased production of ROS occurs that can lead to oxidative stress 36 (Müller et al., 2001;Foyer and Shigeoka, 2011;Moustakas, 2022). Abiotic stress-induced ROS 37 accumulation is scavenged by enzymatic antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate 38 peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase, (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase 39 (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase, (GPX), guaicol peroxidase (GOPX), 40 glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and catalase (CAT), and non-enzymatic metabolites, such as ascorbic 41 acid, glutathione, a-tocopherol, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids and proline (Noctor and 42 Foyer, 1998;Gill and Tuteja, 2010;Moustakas et al., 2022). 43Despite their destructive activity, ROS are well-described as second messengers in a variety of 44 developmental and cellular processes including resilience to abiotic stresses (Gill and Tuteja, 2010