Introduction of a constitutive material model considering variable carbon content for cutting simulation

Carbon steels show complex strain hardening and dynamic strain aging effects under high plastic strains, high strain rates, high temperatures and high heating rates, and thus a sufficiently complex constitutive model is needed to capture this behavior. Carbon content in such steels (e.g., AISI 1018, 1045, 1075) influences strength and hardening as well. A recently-developed material model for 1045 steels was therefore modified to capture the effect of carbon content on the material response. The model can also capture time-dependent plastic response associated with interrupted austenite transformation under short (sub-second) heating times, for the simulation of machining operations.