Energy transport during 3D small-scale reconnection driven by anisotropic turbulence using PIC simulations

<p>Heating and energy dissipation in the solar wind remain important open questions. Turbulence and reconnection are two candidate processes to account for the energy transport to subproton scales at which, in collisionless plasmas, the energy ultimately dissipates. Understanding the effects of small-scale reconnection events in the energy cascade requires the identification of these events in observational data as well as in 3D simulations. We use an explicit fully kinetic particle-in-cell code to simulate 3D small scale magnetic reconnection events forming in anisotropic and Alfv&#233;nic decaying turbulence. We define a set of indicators to find reconnection sites in our simulation based on intensity thresholds.&#160;&#160;According to the application of these indicators, we identify the occurrence of reconnection events in the simulation domain and analyse one of these events in detail. The event is highly dynamic and asymmetric. We study the profiles of plasma and magnetic-field fluctuations recorded along artificial-spacecraft trajectories passing near and through the reconnection region as well as the energy exchange between particles and fields during this event. Our results suggest the presence of particle heating and acceleration related to asymmetric small-scale reconnection of magnetic flux tubes produced by the anisotropic Alfv&#233;nic turbulent cascade in the solar wind. These events are related to current structures of order a few ion inertial lengths in size.</p>