Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes inhibit Aβ1-42 induced microglia polarization by TLR2/MYD88/NF-κB pathway

Abstract Background In recent years, more and more research evidence indicates that the causes of various neurodegeneration diseases are related to neuroinflammation in the brain, Aβ1–42 may be a key factor in the development of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, it is urgent to find an effective and targeted alleviation of neuroinflammation caused by Aβ1–42. Methods Our study found that exogenous administration of Aβ1–42 has a very obvious polarizing effect on microglia in the brain compared with the PBS-treated group. After the intervention of Aβ1–42, we obtained the mesenchymal stem cells derived exosome by ultracentrifugation. Microglia were treated with MSC-Exo in vivo and in vitro. Results The MSC-Exo were found have the effect of inhibiting microglial polarization in vivo and in vitro experiments. It was further found that its target gene was TLR2 on the surface of microglial cells to inhibit the expression of the downstream protein MYD88/NF-κB and inhibit the microglia polarization and the development of neuroinflammation. Conclusion MSC-Exo can significantly inhibited the Aβ1–42 induced microglia polarization by TLR2/MYD88/NF-κb pathway.