3D printed porous titanium filled with mineralized UV-responsive chitosan hydrogel promote cell proliferation and osteogenesis in vitro

Abstract Background: The modification of 3D printed porous titanium (Ti) have received significant attention to promote its osteogenesis for clinical use. Methods: Ultra-violet (UV) responsive chitosan (CSMA), as an injectable filling material, was incorporated into porous Ti, and in situ mineralized by carbon oxide (CO2) diffusion to form mineralized CSMA (CSMA/CaCO3). Physiochemical and biological properties were investigated in vitro . Results: CMSA/CaCO3 exhibited porous morphology and favorable biocompatibility, which could promote adhesion and proliferation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Moreover, the release of Ca2+ from CaCO 3 particles could increase alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, up-regulate osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OCN) expression levels, and enhance extracellular mineralization of BMSCs. Conclusions: 3D printed porous Ti filling with mineralized UV-responsive chitosan hydrogel could promote proliferation and osteogenesis of BMSCs, and have great potential for Ti implant modification in bone tissue engineering.