Underestimating the risk of developing Chronic Kidney Diseases Among the Jordanian Diabetic Patients

Abstract Background: Despite the increase in Type 2 Diabetes Mellites (T2DM) prevalence in Jordan, there is a lack of studies on kidney function status among the T2DM patients. The aim of this study is to give an insight into kidney functions in T2DM patients and to identify patients at risk of renal diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken at King Abdullah University Hospital in Jordan. The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula was used to calculate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The data were analyzed using the SPSS software.Results: 22.3% of the T2DM patients had eGFR values less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2. The decrease in eGFR was accompanied by an increase in proteinuria (PU) and albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR). Most of the T2DM patients were in Stage 2 CKD. The eGFR values were lower in males than females. The correlation analysis showed that eGFR values were negatively correlated with the duration of T2DM, serum creatinine (sCr), ACR, and PU, reflecting a decrease in kidney functions with the increase in T2DM duration, and patients’ biochemical variables. Most of the T2DM patients had high blood sugar, urine creatinine, and evidence of protein in the urine samples, indicating uncontrolled diabetes. Conclusions: The eGFR value can be used in addition to the biochemical variables to better identify T2DM patients at risk of developing chronic kidney diseases in the future, especially in T2DM patients with poor glycemic control.