Validating field regeneration capacity for selected accessions of Gossypium hirsutum using callus induction and regeneration capacity

Abstract Background: Gossypium hirsutumundergoes rapid clonal propagation to regenerate a mature plant through tissue culture. In this research, cotton leaf regeneration level for 21 accessions in the field (new leaves) was observed after the first harvest, and a comparison between field regeneration level and callus induction with its regeneration capacity (new shoots and roots) for the same 21 accessions was carried out. During the flowering stage of Gossypium hirsutum, biochemical (proline), and physiological (chlorophyll and carotenoid content) analysis was carried out. Phenotypic observations (plant height, leaf area, fresh leaf weight, dry leaf weight, number of flowers, and bolls) were also carried out on 21 accessions for each. Result:A significant correlation between physiological parameters and callus induction was discovered. Callus induction and regeneration capacity of roots and shoots for hypocotyl, cotyledons and shoot tip tissues were used to validate field leaf regeneration level in the field after the first harvest. CCRI 24 showed significant leaf regeneration in the field and callus induction capacity through callus induction and regeneration. Conclusion:We found a substantial relationship between field regeneration capability and callus induction with its regeneration capacity for the hypocotyl, cotyledons, and shoot tip. The results of this study showed that ZS061, Lumian 378, Jimian 863, and ZS065 have the highest moisture retention capacity while CCRI 24, Liaoyangduomaomian, and Beizhegongshemian have the lowest moisture retention. CCRI 24 have the highest leaves regeneration in the field while Beizhegongshemian has lowest leaves regeneration in the field. All our result provides a clue for check the regeneration capacity through leaf regeneration level in the field.