Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Diseases Not Associated with Clostridium difficile: Current Status and Future Therapeutic Option

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is one of several effective methods for modifying altered intestinal microbiota and treating certain gastrointestinal diseases. Currently, the only officially approved grounds for FMT is a recurrent infection of Clostridium difficile. Recently published data showed FMT success in paving the use of precision medicine in gastrointestinal disorders. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of FMT is presently being studied in treating other gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal pathologies not associated with recurrent infection of Clostridium difficile. Here, in the frame of Predictive, Preventive, and Personalized MedicinePersonalized medicine (PPPM), discoveredMicrobiotas a modern view of current research on the results of FMTFecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) use in patients with inflammatory bowel diseasesInflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), constipationConstipation, irritableDiseases not associated with bowel syndromeIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS), antibiotic-associated diarrheaAntibiotic-associated diarrhea (ADD) and hepatic encephalopathyHepatic encephalopathy (HE), as well as such non-gastroenterological diseasesNon-gastroenterological diseases as psoriasisPsoriasis, multiple sclerosisMultiple sclerosis (MS), autismAutism, Parkinson’s diseaseDiseases and metabolic syndromeMetabolic syndrome. Based on a literature review, the authors conclude that FMTFecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)’s potential effectiveness and feasibility in patients with ulcerative colitisUlcerative colitis (UC), irritable bowel syndromeIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS), antibiotic-associated diarrheaAntibiotic-associated diarrhea (ADD), hepatic encephalopathyHepatic encephalopathy (HE), autismAutism and metabolic syndromeMetabolic syndrome. Research on Crohn’s diseaseCrohn's disease (CD), psoriasisPsoriasis, multiple sclerosisMultiple sclerosis (MS) and Parkinson’s diseaseDiseases is still ongoing. This part considers innovative concepts that an individual approach to each patient with appointment FMTFecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and the basis of personalized medicinePersonalized medicine can improve clinical outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitisUlcerative colitis (UC), irritable bowel syndromeIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS), antibiotic-associated diarrheaAntibiotic-associated diarrhea (ADD), hepatic encephalopathyHepatic encephalopathy (HE), autismAutism and metabolic syndromeMetabolic syndrome. So personalized FMTFecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) therapy in diseases not associated with Clostridium difficileDiseases not associated with would be a primary concrete practice for PPPM in the nearest future.