Effect of Hypolipidemic Drugs on the Process of Callus Formation Assessed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

A complex study was carried out to investigate the effects of hypolipidemic medication on the callus formation process after femur fracture in ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized rats belonging to three batches: control batch, fibrate-treated batch and statin-treated batch. The evolution was strongly influenced by the absence of estrogen and treatment. Purpose: The effect of lipid-lowering drugs on the process of callus formation is controversial. The aim of this study is to investigate the changes induced by lipid-lowering drugs in the matrix of bone tissue. Methods: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to analyse bone tissue from three batches of rats: a control batch, a simvastatin-treated batch and a fenofibrate-treated batch. Results: In the haematoma and inflammation stage, the medication administered and the presence or absence of estrogens do not influence the unsaturated fat content of the callus. The evolution of structures in the asymmetric and symmetric CH2 lipid group is strongly influenced by the presence of estrogens which nuances the effect of hypolipidaemic medication except in the fibrocartilaginous callus phase. The amount of Amide II protein structure correlates with the presence of osteoclasts and may be an indicator of the passage of callus from the immature bone tissue structure to the fully healing stage. Conclusion: Even though the study follows the effects of hypolipidemic medication, the analysis of bone matrix components showed a differential influence on the lipid components of the bone matrix, but also the influence of the protein component and mineralization, respectively.