Versatile Self-Assembled Molecule Enables High-Efficiency Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells and Organic Solar Cells

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and organic solar cells (OSCs) face device efficiency losses and instability challenges with existing hole transport materials (HTMs). The development of new universal HTMs is in great demand to promote their practical applications. Herein, a versatile self-assembled molecule (SAM) based HTM is designed for record-high efficiency wide-bandgap (WBG, E-g >1.75 eV) PSCs, all-perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs) and OSCs. The SAM exhibits high transmission and a lower-lying energy level, enabling enhanced interfacial charge transfer and suppressed non-radiative recombination losses. SAM based WBG PSCs deliver a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.63% with over 90% efficiency retention after 250 h continuous work. By stacking the optimal WBG PSC and a narrow-bandgap PSC bottom cell, the 4-terminal all-perovskite TSC achieves a remarkable 26.24% PCE. More importantly, this SAM based HTM exhibits impressive generality in bulk heterojunction OSCs rivalling PEDOT:PSS, with an impressive PCE of 18.84% obtained for PM6:BTP-eC9 based devices. When scaling up the PM6:BTP-eC9 device to 0.5 cm(2) in area (0.71 cm x 0.71 cm), the SAM based OSCs afford a highest PCE of 16.33%. This work provides a perspective for the design of universal SAM based charge transport materials targeting PSCs and OSCs for facile large-area fabrication.