Lightweight Hierarchical Root-of-Trust Framework for CAN-based 3D Printing Security

Controller Area Network (CAN) has been demonstrated to have excellent applications in 3D printer communication. However, single-bus CAN network designs are plagued with vulnerabilities, such as hijacking, denial-of-service, and eavesdropping. Exploitation of these issues can result in every node in the network being compromised. In response, we propose a hierarchical tree-based design focused on protecting the CAN bus and isolating critical systems in a novel approach against these threats. By organizing ASCON-encrypted network routing into smaller, authenticated CAN sub-nets, modular 3D printers can maintain integrity, confidentiality, and authenticity of all traffic. Our preliminary results demonstrate an 88-99% hardware efficiency between pre-existing client nodes and the total nodes after conversion to our framework.