A brief review of propolis as an additive in biopolymer matrix films for food packaging

Research on synthesis, characterization and application of biopolymer films as alternatives food packaging has received great attention from scientists worldwide. As compared to petroleum-based films, biopolymer films are biodegradable and environmental friendly. Despite these advantages, biopolymer films possess several weaknesses such as low mechanical and barrier characteristics, as well as poor physicochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. These have limit biopolymer films to be applied in large scale for food preservation. In the context of academic research, there is a vast opportunity for creating innovation. In recent years, biopolymer films reinforced with additives and nanofillers have become an enthralling area to study. This brief review summarises the application of propolis as a novel additive in biopolymer matrix films. The formulations of active biofilms and the effects of propolis incorporation on mechanical and antimicrobial properties of biopolymer films are highlighted in this review. The potential of propolis incorporated biopolymer films for food packaging are also discussed. This review is not only significant to food scientists, but also to relevant to materials scientists.